May 23, 2013

How Long Should I Rest Between Sets?

This is a question that naturally comes up very often: how long should I rest between sets for in order to build muscle at the fastest rate possible? If you’re a beginner, a 2009 study published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research may provide some clues:

In this study, researchers hypothesized the longer rest periods between sets (2-3) minutes may lead to greater muscle growth than the shorter rest periods, which for various reasons (growth hormone and testosterone output, for instance) are often prescribed to bodybuilders.

That longer rest periods usually lead to greater strength gains has been known for a long time, but many have argued that since shorter rest periods often lead to greater pumps and are known to lead to acutely lead to greater outputs of anabolic hormones, keeping the rest between sets to a minute or less is ideal. Obviously, professional bodybuilders – most of whom are what we could term “pharmaceutically enhanced” – shouldn’t need to worry too much about endocrine responses to training anyway, but many of these also tend to keep rest periods short, under the assumption that doing so is more effective.

- Longer rest periods between sets build muscle twice as fast!

The study had untrained, novice weight trainees follow a ten week weight training program. The study participants were divided into two groups, where one group rested for only one minute between sets, and the other group for 2.5 minutes.

The subjects arm sizes were measured before and after the ten week program. And the differences were certainly significant: while the group who had rested for only one minute between sets increased their arm size by an average of 5% in the ten weeks, the guys who took a longer rest were able to boast a 12% increase in arm size. That’s a huge difference, and worth taking note of – at least if you’re just starting out lifting weights.

While we often prescribe a muscle building program that makes use of short rest periods for conditioning purposes, we do recommend that you take slightly longer breaks between sets if you want to build muscle at the fastest rate possible. And that goes for maximal strength increases as well. A little variety here and there never hurts though; resting times between larger, compound exercises should generally be a little longer, as should exercises that train large muscle groups – recovering from a heavy set of squats does take longer than recovering from a set of concentration curls, after all!

 

Compound Exercises: To Get Big You Need The Big Lifts!

If your aim is to build large amounts of muscle, you can forget about sissying around with the cable crossovers and concentration curls all day long. While those kinds of exercises are not nearly as useless as some of the rather old fashioned strength training advocates would have you believe, they should be used to fill out your muscle building program – not form the foundation of it. That should be left to the big compound exercises – the big lifts and basic movements that work larger amounts of muscle at the same time. Here’s a list of the most important ones:

  1. The Squat. The Squat is perhaps the most important weight training exercise of them all. Still, lots of people choose to do some kind of leg press exercise instead – because it’s not nearly as demanding (and also easier to learn) than the squat. However, nothing beats squats – the squat won’t just make your thighs bigger and stronger, but the entire body. So do them!
  2. The Deadlift. We don’t always prescribe doing both squats and deadlifts in the same workout routine, but that’s only because both exercises put together may simply be too much for many people. Deadlifts, however, could easily be seen as the king of all weight training exercises. The deadlift is a great exercise for the (lower) back, but like the squat, it pretty much makes all parts of you stronger – including, not the least, your mind!
  3. The Standing Press. The standing press builds huge shoulders and arms and – as opposed to the seated varieties – important stabilizing muscles core strength that you need for other exercises and real world strength.
  4. The Bench Press. The Bench Press is a great builder of upper body strength and mass, and probably the most popular exercise out there. It effectively builds the muscles of the chest, triceps and shoulders (primarily the anterior head).
  5. Chins and Pull-ups. These exercises are fantastic for building both the big muscles of the upper back and giving you that great looking width and V-shaped upper body, as well as the biceps and muscles of the forearms.
  6. The Clean and Press. Not necessarily an exercise that has to be part of every routine as long as you’re doing the ones listed above, but if you could only do one exercise this would probably be it. At least that’s what Arnold Schwarzenegger says that he would do – and he should know a thing or two about the subject!

Most of the workout routines you will find on this site will naturally be built around the exercises listed here, or variations of them. Here’s where you should be spending most of your time in the gym for best results!